Recombinant Antigens - Expression Systems
Recombinant Antigens: Selecting an Expression System
There are many variables to consider when producing recombinant antigens. These variables include construct design, affinity tags, expression system, purification scheme, formulation, and characterization.
Here we will focus on selecting an appropriate expression system for protein production.
Bacterial vs. Mammalian Expression Systems
Bacterial cells may be an economical expression system for producing antigens for in vitro immunoassays. However, endotoxin removal is required if the antigen is intended for antibody production via animal immunization. It is also important to note that a eukaryotic antigen recombinantly produced in bacteria may exhibit altered structure and function when compared to its native counterpart. Although mammalian cell culture is more expensive, it eliminates the need for endotoxin removal prior to immunizations. Moreover, mammalian cells conserve the post-translational modifications of eukaryotic proteins, making them nearly identical to native antigens.
Available Expression Systems
- Mammalian cell expression: Transient expression in HEK (human embryonic kidney) and CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cell lines.
- Insect cell expression: Baculovirus-mediated expression in Sf9 (Spodoptera frugiperda) and Tni (Trichoplusia ni) cell lines.
- Bacterial expression: E. coli
Stay Tuned for More Insights
In our next post, we’ll discuss the incorporation of affinity tags into recombinant antigen production.
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